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VOL. 3, ISSUE 3 (2017)
Application of the box-behnken design for modelling and optimization of direct red 81 dye adsorption using raffia palm (Raphia hookeri) fruit epicarp activated carbon
Authors
Nkeng Severin Muluh, Julius Numbonui Ghogomu, Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang
Abstract
Raffia Palm (Raphia Hookeri) fruit epicarp biomass waste was used for the preparation of activated carbon by chemical activation using ZnCl2. The surface characteristics of the adsorbent were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Boehm titration, iodine number and bulk density. Later on, the raphia hookeri fruit epicarp activated carbon (RHFE-AC) was employed for Direct Red 81 (DR81) dye colour removal from aqueous solutions. The experiment made up of 15 runs was setup with the help of Box-Behnken design to modelled and optimized the effects of the primary operating parameters such as adsorbent dosage (0.1-2 g), solution pH (2-10), and contact time (10-60 min), while the initial DR81 dye concentration was fixed at 100 mg/L. Analysis of variance showed that the suggested quadratic model successfully explained the experimental data with a correlation coefficient of R2=0.9997 and adjusted R2=0.9993. The optimum pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage were determined to be 2, 60 min, and 1.73 g respectively. The predicted % removal acquired from the RSM under optimal conditions was 78.82%. A confirmatory test of the optimal conditions supported the validity of the model yielding a % removal of 80.21%. The adsorption equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm with R2=0.96584 and the pseudo-second order kinetic model fitted the experimental data best. The study showed the pertinence of RHFE-AC utilized in batch mode for the removal of dyes.
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Pages:15-24
How to cite this article:
Nkeng Severin Muluh, Julius Numbonui Ghogomu, Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang "Application of the box-behnken design for modelling and optimization of direct red 81 dye adsorption using raffia palm (<em>Raphia hookeri</em>) fruit epicarp activated carbon". International Journal of Research in Advanced Engineering and Technology, Vol 3, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 15-24
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